Pneumatic displacement pump



July 16, 1940 J. o. McMlLLAN PNEUMATIC DISPLACEMENT PUMP ENTOR Mf/V///a/7 ATTOR'N EY 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Deo.

July 16, 1940.- J. o. McMlLLAN 2,208,193

PNEUMATIC DISPLACEMENT PUMP Filed Dec. 10. 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR ATTORN EY 3 ShveetS-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. James O /V-f/V//a/zATTORNEY.

J. O. MCMILLAN PNEUMATIC DISPLACEMENT PUMP Filed Dec. l0, 1936 July 16,1940.

Patented July 16, 194@ UNiTEp s'ilrss v.2,208,193 y PNEUMATICDISPLACEMENT PUMP James 0. McMillan, Wichita, Kans., assigner ofone-fourth to A. G. W. Biddle, Skiatook, Okla.

Application December 10, 1936, Serial No. 115,106

23 Claims.

This invention relates to pumps and more particularly to those of thepneumatic displacement through now of the liquid being lifted and toprovide a substantially continuous ovv of liquid at the point ofdelivery.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the ZU invention, I haveprovided improved details of structure, the preferred forms of which areillustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a verticalsection through a Well or cistern equipped with a pumping apparatus em-`-55 bodying the features of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section through the pump cylinder,particularly illustrating the valve mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2 3U illustrating the floatactuation of the control valve which effects power application of thehydrostatic pressure of fluid in the delivery line to a motive powercylinder.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the rupper pump head taken from thedirection opposite that shown in Figs. 2 and 3 on the line iw-Il,` Fig.5.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the pump head particularly illustrating thearrangement of the iiow, pressure medium, and exhaust lines. Fig. 6 is ahorizontal cross section on the line -B, Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a bottom horizontal cross section of the pump head on the line1 1, Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal cross section on the line `s`-a, Fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged vertical cross section illustrating a modifiedform of control valveat the lower end of the pump cylinder.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on the line Ill- I Il, Fig. 9..

Fig. 11 is a vertical section through a further modified form of pumpshowing its valve mechanism, and particularly illustrating floatoperation of the control valve which effects power applito provide avalve mechanism which is controlled cation of the hydrostatic pressureof fluid in the delivery line to a motor piston.

Fig. 12is a horizontal section on the line I 2--I 2, Fig. 11,particularly illustrating the float operated lever for actuating thecontrol valve.

Fig. 13 is a horizontal section on the line I3- I 3, Fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a horizontal section on the line I4-I4, Fig. 11.

Fig. 15 a vertical section through the upper pump head taken at rightangles to the section shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 16 is a horizontal section on the line IB-I 6, Fig. 11 through theupper cylinder head, particularly illustrating the motor piston forcontrolling inlet and exhaust of the pressure medium.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

I designates a well or cistern containing a body of liquid 2 to beelevated under pressure` of an automatic pump 3 and discharged into adelivery 2o system 4 upon actuation of a faucet 5.

The pump 3 includes a cylinder 6 having upper and lower heads 1 and 8closing the ends thereof to form a liquid receiving chamber 9 into whichthe liquid iiows under hydrostatic pressure and 25 from which the liquidis automatically displaced by a suitable pressure medium incidental toactuation of the faucet 5.

'I'he upper head l includes a body portion It having an air inletchamber II and an air inlet needle valve I2 for closing a port I3leading from the chamber Il to the chamber 9. 'I'he valve I2 is. mountedin a cage I4 formed in the body portion Ill and includes a needle memberI5 having pin and slot connection I6 with an actuating rod I1 which inturn is engaged as at I8 with one end I 9 of a lever arm 2l) that ispivoted on a bracket 2| fixed to the ybottom face of the upper head '1.The lever arm 20, together with its function, will be more fullydescribed later. Formed on the to lower end of the body portion I0 is adisk shaped cap or flange 22 preferably of the` same diameter as that ofthe cylinder 6 which is provided with an annular-cut-out portion 23 inits lower peripheral edge for receiving the upper end of the cylinderwall 6 whereby the head is retained in concentric position relative tothe cylinder, a gasket ring 24 being inserted between the cap 22 and theupper edge of the 'cylinder to form a `pressure tight joint. Formedaxially within the head I is a socket 25 having threads for engagingexternal threads of a discharge pipe 26 which depends within thecylinder 6 and has its lower end 21 threadedly engaged in a threadedopening 5 5 is threadedly engaged in a socket 28 of a check valvehousing Z9 that is located in spaced relation to the bottom of thecylinder 6.

The lower head il includes a disk shaped cap 3] having an annularcut-out portion l3l in its upper face for receiving the lower edge ofthe cylinder 6 and which is sealed therewith by a packing ring 32similar to the packing ring M of the upper head l.

Connected with the cap portion Sil of the head 8 is a depending sleeve53 having an axial bore 3d for passing a stud The upper end of the stud35 is threaded and engages with a threaded socket 36 of a check valveseat member 3? that is threaded into an opening 3i! in the bottom of theche-ck valve housing 29. l

The opposite end of the stud 35 projects from the sleeve 33 and mounts adraw-nut 3Q which is screwed into bearing contact with the lower end ofthe sleeve 33 to draw the heads l and 8 into sealing engagement with theends of the cylinder 6 by means of the discharge pipe check valvehousing 29 and check valve seat member 3l.

Formed on the nut 5S is a radially extending flange lll having anannularly shouldered seat Ail for seating the lower edge of acylindrical screen l2 which has its upper edge seating against asimilarly annularly shouldered seat iii formed on the cap portion 3S ofthe head When the nut 39 is in place, the cylindrical screen is retainedthereby in xed concentric alignment with the sleeve 33 to form a filterthrough which liquid passes before entering the pump through an annularinlet port ed.

The annular inlet port extends through the cap portion of the head S inencircling relation to the sleeve 33, the rim portion of the head beingconnected with the sleeve by means of radial wings bridging the port asbest illustrated in Fig. 2.

Formed about the inner and outer peripheries of the inlet port lll arering like ribs l5 and il on the upper faces of the sleeve 33 and head 8respectively, which form seats for a foot valve ring 38. The valve ring58 is reciprocably mounted in concentric relation with the pump cylinderon guide wings fili vextending radially from a seat member 5t, the lowerend of which at the upper end of the sleeve 35. Upward movement of thevalve ring is limited by a lateral flange 5i on the upper end of theseat member overlapping the path of travel of the ring.

It is thus apparent that when the cylinder is submerged within theliquid 2, the liquid ows through the screen to unseat the foot valve i8and iill the cylinder ii up to a level that is controlled by a float 52slidable upon the discharge pipe 26.V

The liquid is thendischarged from the cylinder through the check valvehousing by means of a suitable pressure medium that is delivered througha supply line 5t having its lower end connected to the-air inlet chamberil and havn ing its other end connected with a suitable source ofpressure supply, not shown, at the top of the well.

Upon admission of the pressure medium into the cylinder B, the pressurecauses seating of the yfoot valve i8 and displacement oi the trappedliquid through the check valve and pipe 255, the liquid entering thecheck valve housing through ports 56 thatare formed within the seatmember 31 and through its seat 55 upon lifting of a check valve ring 56which` normally valves off the 'ports 5d.

The check valve ring 56 is guided for reciprocation to and from its seatby a pintle 5l depending from the head of a fitting 58 that is screwedinto lug formed as a part of the check valve housing and having arms 5Bfor supporting the lug 59.

Upon continued admission of the air to the cylinder S, the liquid isforced upwardly through the pipe 25through a ley-pass port El in thehead l', Figs. 4 and 5, and into a delivery pipe 62 leading to the topof the cistern and connected with the supply system through a pressurechamber 63.

The pressure chamber 63 has an air dome therein to provide forcontinuous iiow of water therethrough upon variation in the pressuremedium supply and particularly during the interval between the time thecylinder is lling and when the pressure medium is displacing the liquidfrom the cylinder as later described.

Extending through the upper side of the lug 59 is an opening Se formounting the lower end of a tube @5 having its upper end screwed into aboss 65 of the head l' to communicate with a passageway 6l, as bestshown in Fig. 4, which leads to a control cylinder 69 for the admissionof pressure medium to the cylinder E through the air inlet chamber Il.

The lower end of the tube t5 is sealingly engaged with the opening @ilby means of a washer I l0 encircling the projecting end of the tube andretained in seating engagement with the top of the socket 'li by thetting 58. The tting 58 has a' recess l2 communicating with the lower endof the tube and is provided with lateral ports I i3 leading to a lateralpassageway lll formed in the lug 59.

The passageway lll communicates with a passageway extending upwardly atright angles thereto tothe top of the check valve housing; thepassageways lil and l5 being formed by drilling into the check valvehousing. Plugs 'i1 are threaded into the housing to seal'the holes leftby the drill.

Mounted in the upper end of the check valve housing in alignment withthe passage l5 is a cylindrical insert i8 which extends slightly abovethe top of the housing. The check valve housing is also provided with anupwardly -extending bracket arm 'i9 for pivotally mounting a lever arm86, as at 8|, which consists of a ring -82 loosely engaged about thepipe 26 in the nature of a yoke, the outer end of the lever terminatingin an outwardly and downwardly curved arm 83 adapted to be engaged bythe lower end of the float 52 as later described.

The inner end of the lever arm is provided with a valve member 84 whichconsists of a housing 85 sleevable over the insert I8 of the check valvehousing and a valve head limountedin the housing and engageable over theupper end of the passage 'l5 to valve olf the passageways 14 and l5. Acushion 87 is also provided to eii'ectively seal the opening of thepassage 'l5 together with a spring 88, the ends of which arerespectively xed to the check valve housing and leverarm for normallyretaining the valve in closed position. The center portion of the spring1s extended over the valve housing for normally raising the lever arm.

The float 52 previously referred to is constructed of molded material ofrelatively light weight to float upon the liquid admitted to thecylinder and carries a compressible bumper washer 89 on its upper endadapted to engage against a lever 'Q5 arm when the iioat isy in itsuppermost position to actuate the lever to eiect'operation of' air inletcontrol valves. v

When the float falls with the emptying of water from the cylinder, thelower end of the float engagesthe cam end 83 of the lever 80 to causeopening of the valve 84 and admission of water from the cylinder pastthe valve through the pas- -sageway 'I5 to the passageway 'I4 and pipe65 to act against apiston 92, Fig. 4, in the motive power ycylinder 09of the' head 'I to eiect closing of the air inlet valve I2 through alever assembly 93, now tobe described.

The lever assembly 93 is clearly illustrated in Fig. '7 and consists ofthe bracket 2| previously described in connection with the air inletvalve that is xed to the head 1, the yoke end I8 thereof pivotallyengaging the needle valve I2'to cause its reciprocation as the lever ismoved. The lever arm 20 is formed as a part of the pivoted arm 94 andextends .at right angles thereto onone side of the delivery pipe 26 to apoint directly beneath the motive power cylinder 09, where it isbroadened as at 95, and provided with an opening 9B for the passage ofan exhaust valve pin 97 which is pivoted thereto by the pin 90. Thebroadened portion of the lever is provided with a right angularlyextending arm 90 through which a bolt 99' is extended for mounting thecurved lever arm I00 which extends reversely to the arm'20 on the yopposite side of the pipe 26. The exhaust valve pin mounts an exhaustvalve |02 (Fig. 4) engageable with the under face of the head 1 to coverthe exhaust port and also mounts a piston rod |03 which is threadedlymounted on the pin and which extends through the port |04 into themotive power cylinder 69 to mount the piston 92 on a reduced threadedend |06 of the rod |03. A coil spring |01 is mounted on the rod |03between the piston 92 and the bottom face |00 or the power cylinder tonormally maintain the piston in raised position and the exhaust portclosed, the piston being retained on the rod IES by a nut |09 threadedon the threaded upper end of the piston rod.

It is thus apparent that when liquid from the cylinder 6 acts againstthe piston 92, the piston lis forced downwardly to open the exhaust port|04 and close the air inlet valve I2 through the common pivot` point IIOof the valves. Then since the supply of air pressure is cut off thepressure in the cylinder may escape through the exhaust port |04 to bevented by a vent I I I, formed in a plug I I2 closing the top of themotive power cylinder to permit the spring to raise the piston.

In order to hold the air inlet valve I2 seated in closed position untilthe cylinder 6 has been relled with liquid, I provide the head 'I with alatch mechanism- II3 particularly illustrated in Figs. 2 yand 3. Thelatch mechanism is slightly offset from the piston 92 and is in the samevertical 'plane as the air inlet valve and liquid outlet as shown inFigs. 6 and 7 and consists in part of a sleeve I I4 mounted in thebottom face oi the head 'I and has a vertically lextending bore IIE,which is enlarged at its lower end to form a shoulder IIB on the sleeve.The shoulder H0 is adapted for engagement by a latch pin II'I vmountedon a lug |I8 of the lever arm |00 eccentrically of the bolt which pivotsthe lever arm. lWhen the lever 94 is in downward position the lug causesthe pin II'I to be drawn inwardly due to the pivotal movement thereof tocause the pin toseat on the shoulder and thus retain the valve I2 4inclosed position, When the lever arm is in 4upward position, 'kick it off`the shoulder, further ment of the lever arm |00 forcing the pin intothe sleeve to permit unseating of the air inlet valve.

the pin is forced outwardly to upward move- In order to effect automaticfunctioning of the valves," it is necessary to provide a pressure outletfrom-the cylinder 6. This is accomplished by the outlet IIS (Fig. 5)which communicates with the bottom of the motive power cylinder 69 as`shown` at II1 in Fig. 4 on the side of the latch mechanism opposite thepiston I3, as shown in Fig. 6. I I

It is.. thus apparent that when the exhaust portY is open and the inletvalve closed, pressure medium in the cylinder 0 enters the powercylinder 69 through the port I04 and seeking the line of leastresistance passes along the bottom of the cylinder 09 to the outletIIB', in such a manner that pressure is relieved below the piston toper- `mit closing of the air inlet valve I2.

In installing the equipment, the pump cylinder is submerged in the bodyof liquid t0 a suicient depth to`provide the required hydrostatic headto eiect actuation of the piston 92 against' the pressuremedium-actingon the valve `I2 and also effect proper filling of thecylinder. A sufficient length of pipe I I9 is connected with the`exhaust port so that it will extend a suitable distance above `thelevel of liquid carried in the well.

The line 53 supplying the pressure medium is connected with a suitablesource of supply and the delivery line 02 is connected with the dis-'pensing system 5 through the air chamber 63.

IThe well uid will enter the pump cylinder through the screen 42 andlift the foot valve ring to viill the cylinder 0; Pressure medium isthen turned into the line 53 which causes opening of the air inlet valvesince the hydrostatic pressure upon the piston due to the fact that theoat lwhich rises upon filling of the cylinder permits closure of thecontrol valve |02. Pressure medium will then flow from the valve chamberinto the cylinder through the port |331..

.trol valve lever, whereupon the control valve -lever will be moveddownwardly to eifect open-z ing of the control valve which allows aportion 0f the liquid in the cylinder to enter the passageways 'F5 and74, for flow through the tube 65 to the passageway 01 to act against thepiston 92 thus establishing pressure on the piston to close the vairinlet valve for cutting olf the supply of pressure medium, pressure inthe cylinder being vented to atmosphere through the air' outlet I I9.

Upon relief of the pressure within the cylinder. the check valve ring 56seats dueto the static head of fluid in the delivery pipe and the footvalve 48 opens to allow a new supply of liquid to enter the cylinderfrom the Well.

The oat then again rises with the level of the liquid until the upperend thereof engages the.

of the fluid in the discharge pipe is not acting aio in the cylinder inthe same manner as previously described to begin another cycle ofoperation 0f the pump. These cycles will continue until the system iscompletely filled. During the filling of pressure medium being heldwithin the pump cylinder the air chamber 63 will cause substantiallycontinuous flow in the system even Vthough the pump is intermittentlyoperated.

When the system is full and the faucet 5 is opened, the pump startsoperation and when the faucet is shut 01T the pump ceases operation, thethe cylinder until the faucet 5 is again opened. f

In the form ofthe invention illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10, I show amodified form of control .valve in' the check valve housing.

In this construction the control valve |23 consists of a valve head |2|mounted in an arm |22,

the head covering a passage |23 leading to a tube |24 which in turnleadsto the motive power cylinder at the top of the cylinder 6. The arm |22is mounted in xed position by the pin |25 on the rod |26 connecting thearm |22 with a lever arm |21 similar to the lever arm 80 in thepreferred form of invention with the exception that the valve end of thelever arm extends into'the upper end of a compartment |23 formedintegrally with the check Avalve housing, and pivots in the check valvehousing in response to the weight of the `float and upward pull of a rod|30 connected to the arm |27 as at |3| to respectively open and closethe control valve |26.

It is apparent, however, that with minor alterations, for example, 'byeliminating the pull rod |33, the modified form of pump vmay be appliedto the motive power cylinder illustrated in the preferred form ofinvention.

In the form of invention illustrated in Figs. 1l to 16, inclusive, Ihave provided a species of air inlet chamber |32, valve chamber |33,motive power chamber and mechanism |34, and control valve assembly |35,the remaining construction of the invention being substantially similarto that described in the preferred form of invention.

In order to prevent foreign matter of any detrimental size to pass fromthe Aair supply line |35 into the cylinder I3?, the inlet chamber isequipped with a strainer |33 shown as comprising a coil spring havingits upper end seated within the inlet opening of the chamber and havingits lower end seated against .a plug |39 .closing theopposite end of thechamber. It is thus apparent that the air is delivered from the line |33to the interior of the spring for flow between the coils thereof whichexpand suiiiciently to permit passage of a large quantity of air butwhich prevents passage of foreign matter. Upon passing the screen thepressure medium is delivered into the valve chamber |33 through a'port|43 and from the valve chamber through a port in the Ybottom thereofinto the cylinder |31 to act against `the -liquid collected therein.

2,208,193 Pressure within the piston cylinder is relieved When thecylinder has become emptied, it is necessary to .shut oi the air supplyand to vent the cylinder to atmosphere through the valve chamber|33which communicates with an exhaust pipe |4| having its lower endthreaded into the motive power chamber |42 and its upper end extendingabove the level of liquid within the cistern or well.

The port |40 is provided with a valve |43 that is actuated by the motormechanism |34 under control of the hydrostatic head of fluid flowingthrough the pipe |44.

The motor mechanism |34 includes an insert housing |45 having ashouldered end |46 sealingly engaged in an opening formed in the sidewall of the chamber |33. The opposite end of the insert is mounted in analigning opening formed in the side of the head in axial alignment withan exhaust chamber |49. The screw threaded cap |5|lhas an inwardlyextending flange |5| adapted to abut against the end of the insert toretain the insert in position as shown in Fig. 1l.

Formed within the insert and opening from the direction of the cap |53is a piston cylinder |52 having its cuter end communicating with apassageway |53 through notched openings |54 formed in the flange portion|5| of the cap.v

Locatedin the opposite end of the insert is a recessed chamber with thevalve chamber |33 and with the exhaust chamber |49 throughradial ports|51 to form an exhaust passageway through which pressure medium` isexhausted from the pump cylinder |31 to allow rell thereof as later de-.

scribed.

The recessed chamber |55 and cylinder |52 are separated by a diaphragm|58, Fig. 16, having an axial opening in which is slidably mounted avalve stem 59 for the valve |43 and an exhaust valve |63, the lattervalve being adapted to close the exhaust port when the port |43 isopened to allow admission of pressure medium to the cylinder |3'i.

The valve is preferably'formed as a part l of the valve stem or tie rod|59 extending through a .cup plate which abuts against the head of thevalve |43 and through a valve'washer ISI which cooperates with thelValve cup in retaining a compressible valve ring therebetween. Sleevedover the rod and extending through the bearing opening of the diaphragmin the insert is a sleeve |62 having one end abutting against the valvewasher |6| and its opposite en-d against a piston |63 that is slidablymounted in the cylinder |52.

rIhe tie rod extends through the center of the piston and has .athreaded outer end for mounting a nut which is screwed thereon to clampthe piston against the end of the sleeve so that the valves and unit.

It is thus obvious that when pressure is admitted to the `passageway |53it acts directly against the piston to move the piston to the left tocause closing of the valve portl4l).

The effective area of the valve |43 is materially lessthan that of theeective area of the piston, so that the pressure of liquid acting on thepiston to seat the valve need be a small amountl to close the valve |43againstthe high lpressure medium admitted through the line |35.

In-order-that the piston may be moved to the right under influence ofthe pressure medium acting-against the effective portiouof yIthe Valve L|55 communicating directly -:k

|43, the piston is provided with a port |64 extending therethrough tothe interior of the cylinder which in turn is vented to the exhaustchamber through a port |65 in the Wall of the cylinder.

When the supply of pressure medium is shut oil from the motor, pressureson the respective sides of the piston will become equalized through ilowof iiuid through the port |65.

When the pressures approach equalization, the pressure acting againstthe valve |43 Ypreponderates to cause opening of the inlet valve andseating of the exhaust valve against the seat or" the exhaust port toagain re-establish flow of pressure medium into the pump cylinder- Inorder to prevent leakage of pressure medium .u through the exhaust portwhile the valves are moving to and from seating position, the exhaustport is closed before the inlet port becomes eective. Toacomplish this,the valve |43 carries a pilot portion iiii'having sliding t within theport which retains the port closed until the valve washer 6| has enteredand closed oi the exhaust port.

Likewise, when the valves are moved in the opposite direction underiniiuence of the liquid actingagainst theipis'ton |69, the valve washer||i| prolongs full opening movement of the exhaust valve until the pilothas entered the inlet port.

In order to positively actuate the piston |63, I employ the hydrostatichead'of fluid moving through the discharge pipe |44 which isintermittently admitted to the piston under control of the float member|01 as now to be described.

The lower inlet portion |68 of the pump is similar to the preferred formof invention. A

check valve housing |69is provided, however,` which has an inwardlyextending lug |10 for l mounting a tube |1| inr communicating relationto av laterally extendingpassage |12.

ExtendingV at right angles'to the lug |10 in l Patentis:

parallelrelation with the axis of the cylinder |31 is a bore |13 forreceiving a valve housing |14. The valve housing |14 includes a cylinidrical'body having a shouldered lowerend |15 seated in the bottom of thebore and extending f through the lower face ofthe lug. The upper end ofthe valve housing is threadedly retained -inzthe bore and has a head |10engaging the upper end of the check Valve housing.

The valve housing is provided at its upper end with an axial bore toguidingly mount a head |11 of a valve |18 and at its lower end with analigning bore |19. `Thevalve |18 includes `vertically spaced concentricbevelled annular seating surfaces |80 and |8| of dilierential sizeadapted to respectivelyengage seats |82 and |83 at the respective endsof the bore |19. Communicating with the bore |19 between the respectivevalve seats are radial ports |84, Fig. 13, connected with the passageway|12 leading to the radial ports |85 within the fitting |86 of thetending longitudinally of the pipe |44 and which.

terminates at the upper end of the pipe in a ring |9| slidably engagingthe pipe. The outer` end'of the actuating lever terminates in anarm |92which isladapted to be engaged by the lower through the tube |1| to actagainst the piston |63 to close the air inlet valve port |40.

Due tothe differential area of the piston and valve |43, the piston willbe movedto the left to effect closure of the =port |40. During thismovement` of the valve, none ofthe. pressure medium will escape throughthe exhaust valve, because the pilot |66 ofthe valve closes the port |40before the valve washer ||i| has opened the` exhaust port. i-

At the time the valve |43 engages its seat to close theport. |40, thevalve washerhas cleared the exhaust port to allow pressure in thecylinder to be vented to atmosphere through the ports |51 into theexhaust chamber and through the exhaust pipe` |4|. Upon relief ofpressure within the cylinder |31, the hydrostatic head of liq-` uid inthe delivery pipe closes the check valve |93 and the ioot valve |04opens to refill the cylinder from the well.

The oat then rises until it engages the ring |9|` to ,lift the lever arm|89 and close the valve |18 to relieve hydrostatic pressureon the piston|63. 4The exhaust ports |64 and |65 relieve the piston Vcylinder ofpressure in such a manner that pressure medium from the inlet line blowsthe valve` |43 open t'o admit air to the pump cylinder, the exhaustvalve closing at that timev to prevent escape of pressure medium throughthe exhaust pipe and `another cycle of operation is thus begun. a

What I claim and desire vto secure by Letters f1". In an apparatus ofthe character described,

a liquid receiver, liquid delivery means connected with the receiver; asourceof pressure medium for supplying pressure to displace the liquidfrom the receiver, means for controlling admission of said pressuremedium, means responsive to pressuresin the receiver for actuating saidcontrol means, latch .means engaged with, said controlmeans formaintaining the control means in closed condition, and means responsiveto level of liquid in the receiver engageable with the latch means forpermitting the control means to open.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, a liquid receiver, liquiddelivery means connected with the receiver, a source of pressure mediumfor supplying pressure to displace the liquid from the receiver, apressure exhaust duct `connected with the receiver, means forcontrolling admission of said pressure medium, means for closing saidexhaust duct, apiston cylinder connected with said receiver, `a pistonin the cylinder, a lever assembly in the receiver connectingV the pistonwith said 'control and exhaust closing means, means for supplying liquidfrom the receiver to actuate the piston, a valve in the supply means,`and a oat in the receiver engageable with the lever assembly and thevalve to alternately apply pressure of the liquid and pressure medium tosaid piston for regulating supply of said pressure medium to thereceiver andexhaust pressure medium from the receiver.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a liquid receivingcylinder; a foot valve for admitting liquid to said cylinder; a deliveryduct forA discharging` liquid from said cylinder; a

' check valve for said delivery duct; means for `actuatingisaid exhaustvalve in response to pressuresuin saidV liquid receiving cylinder; a`lever assembly connecting said inlet valve, latch and exhaust valve; afloatin'said cylinder engageable with said lever assembly to release thelatch for permitting the piston to open the inlet valve and close theexhaust valve; a tube communicating with said motive power cylinder andyliquid receiving cylinder; a valve for said tube; and a lever foractuating said tube valve in response to weight of the float, wherebypressure medium Lin the cylinder is transmitted to said motive a liquidreceiving cylinderLa foot valve for ad# 30` ,power cylinder for actingon said piston to cooperate with said lever assembly in actuating saidvalve.

4. In an apparatus of the character described,

mittingliquid to said cylinder; a delivery duct for discharging liquidfrom said cylinder; a check valve housing having a valve for saiddelivery duct; means for supplying `pressure medium to said cylinder fordisplacing liquid therefrom through the delivery duct; an inlet valvefor said pressure medium supply means; a latch for said inlet valve; amotive power cylindermounted on said liquid receiving cylinder having anexhaust valve; a piston in said motive power cylinder for actuatingYsaid exhaust valve in response to presltures in said liquid receivingcylinder; a lever 'assembly in the cylinder connecting said inlet valve,latch and exhaust valve; a float in said' .cylinderv engageable withsaid lever assembly for cooperating with the piston to release thelatch, open the inlet valve and close the exhaust valve'; a tubeconnecting said check valve housing and power cylinder; a' valve in saidcheck valve housing for said tube; and a lever engageable with saidfloat for actuating said tube valve in response to weight of the float,whereby pressure medium in the cylinder is transmitted to said motivepower cylinder` for acting on said piston to cooperate with said leverassembly in actuating said latch andvalves.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, a liquid, receivingcylinder, a foot `valve for admitting liquid to said cylinder; adelivery duct v for discharging liquid from said cylinder; a check valvefor said delivery duct; means for supplying pressure mediumnto saidcylinder for displacing liquid therefrom through the delivery duct; aninlet valve for said pressure medium supply means; a latch for saidinlet valve; an exhaust valve for said cylinder; a motive power cylindermounted on said liquid receiving cylinder; a piston in said motive powercylinder for actuating said exhaust valve in response to pressures insaid liquid receiving cylinder; a lever assembly in the liquid receivingcylinder connecting said inlet and Aexhaust valves and latch; and aiioat in said cylinder engageable with said lever assembly to releasethe latch rfor permitting the piston to actuate the inlet and exhaustvalves. f 6; In an apparatus of the character described,

i therein and engageable with the latch member for releasing the same topermit opening of the inlet valve to admit pressure iiuid to thereceiving member and to close said pressure fluid outlet valve fordischarging liquid from said receiving member through said liquidoutlet.

7. In an apparatus of the character described,

liquid receiving means, means for admitting liquid to said receivingmeans, means for clischarging liquid from said receiving means, meansfor supplying pressureuid to said receiving means for displacing liquidtherefrom through the discharge means, an inlet valve for admittingpressure iiuid to the receiving means, a latch for said inlet valve, anexhaust valve for exhausting pressure fluid from said receiving means, afluid motor communicating with the receiving means and controlling saidexhaust and inlet valves, a lever assembly connecting said inietrandexhaust valves and latch, and means in said receiving means engageablewith said lever assembly for releasing the latch to permit actuation ofsaid valves.

8. An apparatus of the character described Vincluding a pump chamberhaving a valved liquid pump chamber engageable with the lever arm inresponse to rise in level of liquid therein and cooperable with the armand with pressure fluid vapplied to the inlet valve for .releasing thelatch to permit opening of the inlet valve and closing of' the outletvalve to discharge liquid from the pump chamber.

' 9. An apparatus of the character described in cluding a pump chamberhaving a valved liquid inlet and a liquid outlet line, a pressure fluidinlet compartment communicating with the pump chamber, a pressure fluidinlet valve controlling communication between Ythe inlet compartment andsaid pump chamber, a iiuid motor cylinder, a piston sildably rmounted insaidcylinder having al piston rod, a pressure uid outlet communicatingwith said pump chamber and motor cylinder, a pressure iiuid `outletvalve on the piston rod controlling communication between the pumpchamber,v motor cylinder and pressure fluid outlet and controllingexhaust of pressure uid from said pump chamber, said piston rod beingconnected with said inlet and outlet valves and alternately maintainingthe compartment and pressure duid outlet in closed and open conditionrespectively relative to the pump chamber, a duct leading from the pumpchamber to the iiuid motor cylinder to permit pressure fluid in the pumpchamber to act on said piston for actuating said h ETH' compartmentcommunicating with the pump chamber, a pressure fluid inlet valvecontrolling communication between the inlet compartment and said pumpchamber, a iiuid motor cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in saidcylinder having a piston rod, a pressure fluid outlet communicating.with said pump chamber and motor cylinder, a pressure iluid outletvalve on the piston rod controlling communication between the pumpchamber, motor cylinder and pressure uid outlet and controlling exhaustof pressure fluid from said pump chamber, said piston rod beingconnected with said inlet and outlet valves and alternately maintainingthe compartment and pressure iiuid outlet in closed and open conditionrespectively relative to the pump chamber, a duct leading from the pumpchamber to the fluid motor cylinderv to permit pressure fluid in thepump chamber to act on said piston for actuating said valves, means inthe pump chamber controlling admission of fluid to said duct, said ductcontrolling means including a valve housing `in said pump chamberenclosing the lower ends of said duct and the liquid outlet line, acheck valve in said housing admitting liquid to said outlet line. avalve in said housing controlling admission of pressure Vfluid withinthe housing and liquid in the outlet line to the lower end of said duct,a lever member mounted within said housing supporting said duct valveand having a portion extending outwardly of said housing, and means inthe pump chamber respon-sive to level of liquid in the chamberengageable with said outwardly extending portion of said lever memberupon fall of the liquid level in the chamber for opening said duct valveto permit application of fluid pressure to said motorpiston,

11. An apparatus of the character described including a pump chamberhaving a valved liquid inlet and a liquid outlet line, a pressure uuidinlet compartment communicating with the pump chamber, a pressure fluidinlet valve controlling communication between the inlet compartment andsaid pump chamber, a uid motor cylinder, a piston slidably mounted insaid cylinder having a piston rod, a pressure fluid outlet communicatingwith said pump chamber and motor cylinder, a pressure fluid outlet valveon the piston rod controlling communication between the pump chamber,motor cylinder and pressure fluid outlet and controlling exhaust ofpressure fluid from said pump chamber, said piston rod being connectedwith said inlet and outlet valves and alternately maintaining thecompartment and pressure uid outlet in closed and open conditionrespectively relative to the pump chamber, a duct leading from the pumpchamber to the fluid motor cylinder to permit pressure fluid in the pumpchamber to act on said piston for actuating said valves, means in thepump chamber controlling admission of fluid to said duct, said ductcontrolling means including a check valve housing in said pump chamberenclosing the lower ends of said duct and the liquid outlet line, acheck valve in said housing admitting liquid to said outlet line, a lugin said housing supporting the lower `end of said duct and having apassageway therethrough, a duct valve housing in said check valvehousing having a bore extending through said lug and communicating withsaid lug passageway, a valve slidably mounted in said bore controllingentrance of fluid to said passageway, a lever mounted exteriorly of thecheck valve housing engaged4 with said duct valve, a float in saidchamber engageable with said lever upon fall of level of liquid in thechamber for actuating the valve to close oi said duct, and means in thechamber connected with the lever and engageable by the float upon riseof liquid level in the chamber for actuating the lever to open said ductto the passage of fluid to operate said motor piston.

12. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having an inlet for liquid, an inlet for compresse-d air and anoutlet for exhaust air, of an inwardly opening check valve for closingsaid liquid inlet, a valve for closing said air inlet, a valve forclosing said air outlet, means by which when either of said last namedtwo valves opens the other closes, liquid discharge means having in thelower portion of said cylinder a liquid intake, an inwardly openingcheck valve for closing said liquid intake, a chamber, a pistonreciprocative in said chamber and engaging and movable with said airoutlet valve and, when moved in one direction, moving said air outletvalve to the open position, a liquid conductor communicating with saidcylinder in the lower portion thereof and with said chamber at the endof said piston distant from said air outlet valve, whereby liquidentering said chamber through said conductor will move said piston insaid direction,

thus opening' said air outlet valve and closing 'J said air inletvalve,` means for automatically locking said air inlet valve and saidair outlet valve respectively closed and open when they are moved tosaid positions, a valve normally closing said conductor, and a floatcarried by the liquid in said cylinder and, when the liquid lowers to apredetermined level, engaging and opening said conductor closing valve,whereby liquid will pass from said cylinder through said conductor intosaid chamber and will move said piston in said direction, thus openingsaid air outlet valve and closing said air inlet valve, said float, whenthe liquid rises in said cylinder to a predetermined level, engaging andreleasing said locking means, permitting said air inlet valve to openand said air outlet valve to close, upon which compressed air enteringsaid cylinder through said air inlet will force liquid from saidcylinder out through said discharge means.

13. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having an inlet for liquid,` an inlet for compressed air and anoutlet for exhaust air, of an inwardly opening check valve for closingsaid liquid inlet, a valve for closing said air inlet, a valve forclosing said air outlet, means by which when either of said last namedtwo valves opens the other closes, liquid discharge means having in thelower portion of said cylinder a liquid intake, an inwardly openingcheck valve for closing said intake, a chamber, a piston reciprocativein said chamber and engaging and movable with said air outlet valve and,when moved in one direction, moving said outlet valve to the openposition, a liquid conductor communicating with said cylinder in thelower portion thereof and with said chamber at the end of said pistondistant from said air outlet valve, whereby liquid entering said chamberthrough said conductor will move said piston in said direction, thusopening said air outlet valve and closing said air inlet valve, meansfor automatically locking said air positions, a valve normally closingsaid conductor,

releasing said locking means, and means operative when said lockingmeans is released for opening said air inlet valve and closing said airoutlet valve, upon which compressed air entering said cylinder throughsaid air inlet will force liquid from said cylinder out through saiddischarge means.

14. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, an inlet for compressed air and anoutlet for exhaust air, of an inwardly opening check valve for closingsaid liquid inlet, a valve which opens toward said cylinder for closingsaid air inlet, a valve for closing said air outlet, means by which wheneither of said last two named valves opens the other closes, liquiddischarge means having in the lower portion of said cylinder a liquidintake, an inwardly opening check valve for closing said intake, meansautomatically locking said air inlet valve and said air outlet valverespectively closed and open when they are moved to said positions, ailoat carried by the liquid in said cylinder, and means operative whensaid float lowers to a predetermined position for forcing said airoutlet valve to the open position and said air inlet valve to the closedposition, upon which liquid will enter said cylinder through said liquidinlet, said iioat, when the liquid in said cylinder rises to apredetermined level, engaging and releasing said locking means,permitting said air inlet valve to open and said air outlet valve toclose, upon which compressed air entering said cylinder through said airinlet will force liquid from said cylinder through said discharge means.

l5. In a compressed air pumping mechanism,

* the combination with a closed cylinder having a liquid inlet, an inletfor compressed air and an outlet for exhaust air, of an inwardly openingcheck valve for closing said liquid inlet, a valve which opens towardsaid cylinder for closing said air inlet, a valve for closing said airoutlet, means by which .when either of said last two named valves opensthe other closes, liquid discharge means having in the lower portion ofsaid cylinder a liquid intake, a iloat carried by the liquid in saidcylinder, and means releasable by said iloat when the liquid level insaid cylinder rises to a predetermined level for automatically lockingsaid air inlet valve and said air outlet valve respectivcly in theclosed and open positions when said air inlet valve and said air outletvalve are moved to said positions.

i6. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, an inlet for compressed air and anoutlet for exhaust air, of a valve which opens toward said cylinder` forclosing said air inlet, a valve for closing said air outlet, means bywhich when either of said valves opens the other closes, liquiddischarge means having in the lower portion oi said cylinder a liquidintake, a float carried by the liquid in said cylinder, and meansreleasable by said iloat when the liquid in said cylinder rises to apredetermined level for automatically locking said air inlet valve andr-said air outlet valve respectively in the closed and open positionswhen said valves are moved to said positions.

17. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, an inlet for compressed air and anoutlet for exhaust air, of a valve which opens toward said cylinder forclosing said air inlet, a valve for closing said air outlet, meansincluding a lever fulcrumed intermediate of and engaging said valves bywhich when either opens the other closes, liquid discharge means havingin the lower portion of said cylinder a liquid intake, a float carriedby the liquid in said cylinder, and means releasable by said float whenthe liquid in said cylinder rises to a predetermined level forautomatically locking said lever so as to hold said air inlet valveclosed and said air outlet valve open when said valves are moved to saidpositions.

18. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, an inlet for compressed air and anoutlet for exhaust air, of a valve which opens toward said cylinder forclosing said air inlet, a valve for closing said air outlet, a leverconnectand fulcrumed between said valves by which when one opens theother closes, and locking means carried by said lever for automaticallylocking said lever, with said air inlet Valve closed and said air outletvalve open, from movement when said valves respectively are moved tosaid positions.

19. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an inlet for compressedair, and an outlet for exhaust air, of a valve which opens toward saidcylinder for closing said air inlet, a valve for closing said airoutlet, means by which when either of said valves opens the othercloses, a oat carried by the liquid in said cylinder, and a lockingmember which automatically moves to the locking position and holds saidair inlet valve closed and said air outlet valve open when said valvesrespectively move to said positions, said locking member being engagedand released from its locking position by said float when said floatrises in said cylinder to a predetermined position,

20. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an inlet for compressedair and an outlet for exhaust air, of a valve which opens toward saidcylinder for closing said air inlet, a valve for closing said airoutlet, a lever connecting and fulcrumed between said valves by whichwhen either of said valves opens the other closes, a float carried byliquid in said cylinder, and a locking member automatically movable onsaid lever to a locking position in which said air inlet valve will belocked closed and said air outlet valve will be locked open, saidlocking member being engaged and moved to a release position by saidiloat when said float rises to a predetermined position.

2l. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an inlet for compressedair and an outlet for exhaust air, of a valve which opens toward saidcylinder for closing said air inlet, a valve for closing said airoutlet, means by which when either of said valves opens the othercloses, a oat carried lby the liquid in said cylinder, and a pivotedlocking member automatically movable to a locking position in which itwill hold said air inlet valve closed and said outlet valve open whensaid valves respective- 1y move to said positions, said float engagingand swinging said locking member to a release position when said floatrises to a predetermined position.

22. In a compressed air pumping mechanism, the combination with a closedcylinder having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an inlet for compressedair, and an outlet for exhaust air, of an inwardly opening Valve forclosing said air inlet, a valve for closing said air outlet, means bywhich when either of said valves opens the other closes, a float carriedby the liquid in said cylinder, a chamber, a piston reciprocative insaid chamber and engaging and movable with said air outlet valve, and,when moved in one direction, moving said air outlet valve to the openposition, a liquid conductor communicating with said cylinder in thelower portion thereof and with said chamber at the end of said pistondistant from said air outlet valve, a valve normally automaticallyclosing said conductor and engaged and moved to the open position byysaid float when said float lowers to a predetermined position, wherebyliquid will pass from said cylinder through said conductor into saidchamber and will move said piston in said direction thus moving said airoutlet valve to the open position and said air inlet valve to the closedposition, and'means releasable by said 4iloat on its upward movement forlocking said air inlet valve closed and said air outlet Valve open.

23. In a compressed air pumping mechanism,

the combination with a closed cylinder having a liquid inlet, a liquidoutlet, an inlet for compressed air, and an outlet for exhaust air, oftwo valves respectively closing said air inlet and said air outlet,means by which when either of said valves opens the other closes, afloat carried by liquid in said cylinder, a chamber, a pistonreciprocative in said chamber and engaging and movable with said airoutlet Valve, a liquid conductor communicating with the lower portion ofsaid cylinder and with said chamber, a valve normally automaticallyclosing said conductor and engaged and moved to the open position bysaid float when said float lowers to a predeterlrnined position, wherebyliquid will pass from said cylinder through said conductor into saidchamber and move said piston to a position in which it will open saidair outlet valve and close said air inlet valve, means for moving saidpiston in the opposite direction so as to close said air outlet valveand open said air inlet valve,land means releasable by said float on itsupward movement for locking said air inlet valve closed and said airoutlet valve open.

JAMES O. MCMILLAN.

